Adler, P.H and D.C. Currie. 2008. Chapter 25. Simuliidae (In) R.W. Merritt, K.W. Cummins and M.B. Berg. An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America (4th Ed.) Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co., Dubuque, Iowa.
Byers, G.W. and J.K.Gelhaus. 2008. Chapter 23. Tipulidae (In) R.W. Merritt, K.W. Cummins and M.B. Berg. An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America (4th Ed.) Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co., Dubuque, Iowa.
[Home]Bolton, M.J. 2012. Ohio EPA Supplemental Keys to the Larval Chironomidae (Diptera) of Ohio and Ohio Chironomidae Checklist.
Courtney, G.W. 2019. Chapter 23. Aquatic Diptera. (In) R.W. Merritt, K.W. Cummins and M.B. Berg. An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America (5th Ed.) Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co., Dubuque, Iowa.
Courtney, G.W. and R.W. Merritt. 2008. Chapter 22. Aquatic Diptera. Part One. Larvae of Aquatic Diptera (In) R.W. Merritt, K.W. Cummins and M.B. Berg. An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America (4th Ed.) Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co., Dubuque, Iowa.
Restifo, R.A. 1982. Illustrated key to the mosquitoes of Ohio: Adapted from C.J. Stojanovich's keys to the common mosquitoes of eastern United States. (Biological Notes/ Ohio Biological Survey).
Simpson, K.W. and R.W. Bode. 1980. Common laarvae of chironomidae (Diptera) from New York State streams and rivers with particular reference to the fauna of artificial substrates. Bulletin No. 439. New York State Museum. The University of the State of New York The State Education Department. Albany, New York.
Sundermann, A., S. Lohse, L.A. Beck and P. Haase. 2007, Key to the larval stages of aquatic true flies (Diptera), based on the operational taxa list for running waters in Germany. Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim. 43 (1), 61-74
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