1. Body length typically less than 5 mm; mesoscutum without setose warts, mesoscutellar warts transverse and meeting mesally to form angulate ridge; hind wings narrow, apically acute, and often with posterior fringe of long setae. Widespread . . . . . Hydroptilidae (Hydroptilinae)
Body length typically more than 5 mm; mesoscutum often with setal warts, mesoscutellar warts typically rounded or elongate; hind wings typically broader than above and apically rounded, posterior fringe when present of shorter setae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. Head with 3 ocelli dorsally . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Head without ocelli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3. Maxillary palp of 5 segments, terminal segment flexible, curved and of different structure than preceding segments and typically at least twice as loong as segment 4. Widespread. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Philopotamidae
Maxillary palp of 3, 4, 5 or 6 segments, the terminal segment similar in structure to preceding segments and about same length as segment 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
4. Maxillary palp of 5 segments, segment 2 often rounded and about as long as segment 1 . . . 5
Maxillary palp of 3, 4, 5 or 6 segments, segment 2 often rounded and about as long as segment 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5. Foretibia with preapical spur. Widespread. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rhyancophilidae
Foretibia without preapical spur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
6. Pronotum with mesal setal warts widely spaced. Widespread . . . . . . . . . . .Glossosomatidae
Pronotum with mesal setal warts closely approximated . . . . Hydroptilidae (Ptilocolepinae)
7. Middle tibia with 2 preapical spurs. Widespread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Phryganeidae
Middle tibia with 1 or no preapical spurs; spurs typically 1, 2, 3, 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
8. Hind wing with anterior margin bearing row of stout, apically hooked, setae . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Hind wing with anterior margin bearing only straignt or slightly curved normal setae, if any. 10
9. Hind wing with vein R1 complete, extended to apical margin of wing. Widespread . Uenoidae
Hind wing with vein R1 incomplete, not extended to apical margin of wing . . . . . . . Goeridae
10. Male genitalia with phallus bearing pair of parameres and terminal aedeagus. Female genitalia with subgenital plate terminaing in various prominent lobes or pointed processes. Widespread and common . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Limnephilidae
11. Maxillary palp with 5 segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Maxillary palp with fewer than 5 segments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
12. Maxillary palp with terminal segment flexible, different in structure from preceeding segments and with numerous transverse striae or annulations, typically at least twice as long as penultimate segment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Maxillary palp with terminal segment similar in structure to preceeding segments and typically about same length as penultimate segmetn, or palp with some segments bearing long setal brush . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
13. Antenna much longer than body, middle tibia without preapical spurs . . Leptoceridae (in part)
Antenna typically little, if any, longer than body; if longer, then middle tibia with preapical spurs .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
14. Mesoscutum with setose warts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Mesoscutum without setose warts or setae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hydropsychidae
15. Foretibia typically with preapical spur or, if preapical spur absent, then basal segment of tarsus shorter than twice the length of the longer apical spur . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Foretibia without preapical spur; basal segment of tarsus at least twice the length of the longer apical spur. Widespread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Psychomyiidae
16. Forewing with vein R2 branched from R3 at radial crossvein r . . . . . . . . . .Dipseudopsidae
Forewing with veins R2 and R3 either fused throughout as vein R2+3, or with the two veins separated near apex of wing. Widespread . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Polycentropodidae
17. Mesoscutal setae arising in diffuse area over nearly entire length of mesoscutum . . . . . . . . 18
Mesoscutal setae largely confined to pair of small discrete warts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
18. Antenna much longer than body; middle tibia without preapical spurs. . Leptoceridae (in part)
Antenna little longer than body; middle tibia with 2 preapical spurs. Widespsread . Molannidae
19. Head with posterior setose warts relative large, extending from mesal margin of eye to mid-dorsal line and anteriorly to middle of head; antenna never longer than forewing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Helicopsychidae Helicopsyche borealis
Head with posterior setose warts smaller than above; or antenna about 1.5 times longer than forewing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
20. Mesoscutellum with single median setose wart extended over its entire length. . . . . . . . . . . 21
Mesoscutellum with pair of setose warts occupying about half its length, the warts sometimes touching along mid-dorsal line. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
21. Mesoscutellum almost entirely covered by single setose wart, setae arising over most of wart; maxillary palp always 5-segmented. Widespread. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Odontoceridae
Mesoscutellum with setose wart narrower, setae mainly confined to periphery; maxillary palp 5-segmented in female and 3-segmented in male. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Goeridae
22. Middle tibia with 1 or 2 preapical spurs arising at point about one-third the distance from apex of tibia, or middle tibiae without preapical spurs; abdominal segment V with internal glands opening in pair of ventral sclerotized lobes. Widespread. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Brachycentridae
Middle tibial with 2 preapical spurs arising from about mid-point of tibia; ventral abdominal glans not apparent. Widespread. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leptidostomatidae
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Key to Caddisfly (Trichoptera) Adult Families